CSEC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY · PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS · LESSON B7

Databases (1): Tables, Fields, Keys and Relationships

Database terms (file, record, field), data types, primary and foreign keys, and one-to-many relationships between at most three tables, with a worked school-library design.

Sections 4 to 66.16.26.3≈ 55 min🎮 3 games
Before you start

By the end of this lesson you can…

Step 1 · Watch

Explainer video

5 narrated scenes. Press play, listen and read along — the points appear as they are explained. Use ‹ Prev / Next › or the scene bar to jump to any scene.

LESSON B7 · EXPLAINER

Databases (1): Tables, Fields, Keys and Relationships

A database stores data once and links it. A poor design repeats the same data again and again; a good design uses keys and relationships to avoid that.

Narration uses your device’s built-in voice. No sound? Switch to “Captions only” — the captions advance on their own.

Explore in 3D

Keys and relationships in 3D

Follow the foreign key from students to classes and test referential integrity.

Step 2 · Read

Key notes

Copy these into your notebook in your own words — that is how they stick.

Database / DBMS

Organised data / software that manages it.

Table / record / field

Subject / row / column.

Data types

Text, Number, Currency, Date/Time, Yes/No, AutoNumber.

Primary key

Unique, never empty; one per table.

Foreign key

Primary key of another table used to link.

One-to-many

One record linked to many in another table.

Referential integrity

Prevents links to non-existent records.

SBA limit

No more than three tables.

EXAM TIPS & COMMON MISTAKES

  • Phone numbers are TEXT, not numbers.
  • The “one” side holds the primary key; the “many” side holds the foreign key.
  • Say “unique” when defining primary key.
  • More than three tables in the SBA database loses marks.
Play & practise

Games

3 quick games on this lesson. Earn XP and badges as you play — your best score for each game is saved. Games are for practice and do not change your exam readiness. More games in the Information Technology Arcade.

Step 3 · Practise

Paper 1 practice — multiple choice

8 items modelled on real CSEC Paper 1 questions. Choose one answer for each, then check. Aim for 80% or better. Work each item on paper first.

Syllabus 6.1

1. A single row in a table is a

Answer: B. Record.
Syllabus 6.1

2. A single column in a table is a

Answer: C. Field.
Syllabus 6.2

3. Which data type is best for a telephone number?

Answer: D. No calculations are performed.
Syllabus 6.2

4. A field whose value uniquely identifies each record is the

Answer: A. Primary key.
Syllabus 6.2

5. Which field would make the best primary key in a Students table?

Answer: B. It is unique.
Syllabus 6.3

6. A field in one table that is the primary key of another table is a

Answer: C. Foreign key.
Syllabus 6.3

7. One class with many students is a

Answer: D. One-to-many.
Syllabus 6.1

8. Which is an advantage of a database over separate files?

Answer: A. Less redundancy.
Step 4 · Apply

Paper 2 practice — structured questions

Write full answers, then reveal the mark scheme and tick the points you earned (11 marks in total). Show all your working — method marks count. Your answers are saved on this device.

Paper 2 style · Database design

Question 1 [11 marks]

A school library will store information about members and the books they borrow in a database with the tables Member(MemberID, Name, Class), Book(BookID, Title) and Loan(LoanID, MemberID, BookID, DateOut).

(a) (a) Define the terms (i) field and (ii) record. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (a) (max 2)

(b) (b) Identify the primary key of each table. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (b) (max 3)

(c) (c) Identify two foreign keys in the Loan table. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (c) (max 2)

(d) (d) State a suitable data type for (i) DateOut and (ii) Name. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (d) (max 2)

(e) (e) Explain why the member’s name is not stored in the Loan table. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (e) (max 2)

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Sources

Where this topic appears in CSEC papers

Find these in your own past-paper booklets for extra timed practice. Items above are written in the style of these papers; any adapted from a specific question say so.