CSEC MATHEMATICS · MODULE 1 · LESSON A3

Rounding, Standard Form, Number Bases and Units

Decimal places and significant figures, scientific notation, ordering real numbers, place value in bases 2, 4, 8 and 10, and converting units and time.

Fundamentals of Secondary Level MathematicsM1 1.7M1 1.8M1 1.9M1 1.12M1 1.15≈ 40 min🎮 3 games
Before you start

By the end of this lesson you can…

Step 1 · Watch

Explainer video

6 narrated scenes. Press play, listen and read along — the points appear as they are explained. Use ‹ Prev / Next › or the scene bar to jump to any scene.

LESSON A3 · EXPLAINER

Rounding, Standard Form, Number Bases and Units

A calculator shows 14 digits. The exam wants two or three. Knowing how to round — and how other number bases work — is a quick source of marks.

Narration uses your device’s built-in voice. No sound? Switch to “Captions only” — the captions advance on their own.

Step 2 · Read

Key notes

Copy these into your notebook in your own words — that is how they stick.

Decimal places

Count after the point. Look at the next digit to round.

Significant figures

Count from the first non-zero digit. Keep placeholder zeros (3 417 → 3 400).

Standard form

a × 10ⁿ, 1 ≤ a < 10, n an integer. Large number → positive n; small number → negative n.

Bases

Column values are powers of the base. Convert to base 10 by adding digit × column value; from base 10 by repeated division, remainders read upwards.

Place value vs face value

Face value = the digit. Place value = column worth. Value = face × place.

Metric units

km → m ×1 000; m → cm ×100; m → mm ×1 000; kg → g ×1 000; L → mL ×1 000. Square/cube the factor for area/volume.

24-hour time

Add 12 to p.m. hours; durations = end − start.

Ordering

Convert to decimals first; ascending = smallest first.

EXAM TIPS & COMMON MISTAKES

  • For significant figures never count leading zeros: 0.00507 has THREE significant figures (5, 0, 7).
  • If you are told “correct to 2 decimal places” do not leave a trailing zero off (3.50, not 3.5).
  • In base conversions show the repeated division — the working carries marks.
  • In standard form questions check that your a-value is between 1 and 10 after multiplying: 12 × 10⁴ must become 1.2 × 10⁵.
Play & practise

Games

3 quick games on this lesson. Earn XP and badges as you play — your best score for each game is saved. Games are for practice and do not change your exam readiness. More games in the Mathematics Arcade.

Step 3 · Practise

Paper 1 practice — multiple choice

8 items modelled on real CSEC Paper 1 questions. Choose one answer for each, then check. Aim for 80% or better. Work each item on paper first.

CSEC Paper 01 style · SO 1.9

1. 0.004567 correct to 2 significant figures is

Answer: B. Significant digits start at 4: 4, 5 | 6 rounds the 5 up → 0.0046.
CSEC Paper 01 style · SO 1.9

2. 2.34567 correct to 3 decimal places is

Answer: B. The fourth decimal digit is 6, so round 5 up to 6.
CSEC Paper 01 style · SO 1.12 (syllabus example)

3. 0.00759 written in standard form is

Answer: B. The decimal point moves 3 places right, so the power is −3.
Adapted from CSEC P1 May/June 2024 (place value item)

4. What is the value of the digit 6 in the number 48.621?

Answer: C. The 6 is in the tenths column, so its value is 6/10.
CSEC Paper 01 style · SO 1.7

5. The binary number 1011₂ is equal to which base 10 number?

Answer: C. 8 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 11.
CSEC Paper 01 style · SO 1.7

6. The base 10 number 25 written in base 2 is

Answer: D. 25 = 16 + 8 + 1 = 11001₂.
Adapted from CSEC P1 May/June 2024 (units item)

7. Given that 1 millimetre = 1/1000 metres, then 2 500 millimetres, in metres, is

Answer: B. 2 500 ÷ 1 000 = 2.5 m.
Based on the syllabus example for SO 1.15

8. Which list shows the numbers 1.45, √2, π and 1.1 in ascending order?

Answer: A. √2 ≈ 1.414 lies between 1.1 and 1.45; π ≈ 3.14 is largest.
Step 4 · Apply

Paper 2 practice — structured questions

Write full answers, then reveal the mark scheme and tick the points you earned (18 marks in total). Show all your working — method marks count. Your answers are saved on this device.

CSEC Paper 02 style · Module 1 (Rounding and estimation)

Question 1 [9 marks]

A calculator may be used.

(a) Write each number correct to 1 significant figure: (i) 0.367 (ii) 3.94 (iii) 19.72. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (a) (max 3)

(b) Hence, estimate the value of 19.72 × 0.367 ÷ 3.94, showing your working. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (b) (max 2)

(c) Express 0.00759 and 45 300 in standard form. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (c) (max 2)

(d) Calculate (3 × 10⁴) × (2.5 × 10³), giving your answer in standard form. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (d) (max 2)

CSEC Paper 02 style · Module 1 (Number bases, units and time)

Question 2 [9 marks]

Answer all parts.

(a) Convert 110101₂ to a number in base 10, showing the value of each digit. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (a) (max 3)

(b) Express 38 as a number in base 2. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (b) (max 3)

(c) A bus leaves at 0745 and arrives at 1420. (i) Write 1420 in 12-hour time. (ii) Find the journey time in hours and minutes. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (c) (max 3)

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Sources

Where this topic appears in CSEC papers

Find these in your own past-paper booklets for extra timed practice. Items above are written in the style of these papers; any adapted from a specific question say so.