CSEC CHEMISTRY · SECTION C · LESSON C5

Pollution: Acid Rain, Global Warming and Other Harmful Effects

The harmful effects of non-metal compounds on the environment and health: acid rain, global warming, ozone depletion, eutrophication, and ways of reducing pollution.

Inorganic ChemistryC 5.5≈ 45 min🎮 3 games
Before you start

By the end of this lesson you can…

Step 1 · Watch

Explainer video

5 narrated scenes. Press play, listen and read along — the points appear as they are explained. Use ‹ Prev / Next › or the scene bar to jump to any scene.

LESSON C5 · EXPLAINER

Pollution: Acid Rain, Global Warming and Other Harmful Effects

A hurricane season that gets stronger, reefs that bleach, and fish dying after heavy rain on farmland. Behind each of these is a chemical pollutant.

Narration uses your device’s built-in voice. No sound? Switch to “Captions only” — the captions advance on their own.

Step 2 · Read

Key notes

Copy these into your notebook in your own words — that is how they stick.

Acid rain

SO₂ and NOₓ dissolve in rain; pH < 5.6.

Effects of acid rain

Kills fish and trees; damages limestone; corrodes metals.

Greenhouse gases

CO₂, CH₄, CFCs, water vapour.

Global warming

Sea-level rise, stronger hurricanes, coral bleaching.

Ozone depletion

CFCs destroy ozone; more UV.

CO

Binds haemoglobin; from incomplete combustion.

Eutrophication

Fertilisers → algal bloom → oxygen depletion.

Solutions

Catalytic converters, scrubbers, renewable energy.

EXAM TIPS & COMMON MISTAKES

  • Always give SOURCE, EFFECT and a SOLUTION.
  • Acid rain is formed from sulfur and nitrogen oxides, not carbon dioxide (pH < 5.6 is normal rain).
  • Link global warming to Caribbean examples: sea level, hurricanes, coral.
  • In eutrophication, the fish die from lack of oxygen, not from the fertiliser itself.
Play & practise

Games

3 quick games on this lesson. Earn XP and badges as you play — your best score for each game is saved. Games are for practice and do not change your exam readiness. More games in the Chemistry Arcade.

Step 3 · Practise

Paper 1 practice — multiple choice

8 items modelled on real CSEC Paper 1 questions. Choose one answer for each, then check. Aim for 80% or better. Work each item on paper first.

Syllabus C 5.5

1. Acid rain is mainly caused by

Answer: A. They form acids in rain water.
Syllabus C 5.5

2. One effect of acid rain is

Answer: B. Carbonates react with acids.
Syllabus C 5.5

3. A greenhouse gas is

Answer: C. Absorbs infrared radiation.
Syllabus C 5.5

4. Which is a Caribbean effect of global warming?

Answer: D. Warmer seas.
Syllabus C 5.5

5. The gas that destroys the ozone layer is

Answer: A. Chlorine atoms break down ozone.
Syllabus C 5.5

6. Carbon monoxide is poisonous because it

Answer: B. It blocks oxygen carriage.
Syllabus C 5.5

7. Eutrophication is caused by

Answer: C. Nutrient enrichment.
Syllabus C 5.5

8. Catalytic converters change harmful gases into

Answer: D. 2CO + 2NO → 2CO₂ + N₂.
Step 4 · Apply

Paper 2 practice — structured questions

Write full answers, then reveal the mark scheme and tick the points you earned (15 marks in total). Show all your working — method marks count. Your answers are saved on this device.

Paper 2 style · Pollution

Question 1 [15 marks]

Sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrates are among the pollutants released by human activity.

(a) (a) State one source of sulfur dioxide. [1]

MARK SCHEME — (a) (max 1)

(b) (b) Explain how sulfur dioxide causes acid rain and give two effects. [4]

MARK SCHEME — (b) (max 4)

(c) (c) Explain how carbon dioxide leads to global warming. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (c) (max 3)

(d) (d) Suggest two effects of global warming on Caribbean countries. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (d) (max 2)

(e) (e) Describe how fertiliser run-off leads to fish deaths. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (e) (max 3)

(f) (f) Suggest two ways of reducing air pollution. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (f) (max 2)

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Sources

Where this topic appears in CSEC papers

Find these in your own past-paper booklets for extra timed practice. Items above are written in the style of these papers; any adapted from a specific question say so.