CSEC CHEMISTRY · SECTION C · LESSON C4

Non-metals: Properties, Gas Preparation and Uses

Properties of non-metals and their oxides, how the common gases (hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, chlorine) are prepared and collected, their tests, and the uses of non-metals and their compounds.

Inorganic ChemistryC 5.1C 5.2C 5.3C 5.4≈ 60 min🎮 3 games
Before you start

By the end of this lesson you can…

Step 1 · Watch

Explainer video

5 narrated scenes. Press play, listen and read along — the points appear as they are explained. Use ‹ Prev / Next › or the scene bar to jump to any scene.

LESSON C4 · EXPLAINER

Non-metals: Properties, Gas Preparation and Uses

The air you breathe and the fertilisers on Caribbean farms all come from a handful of non-metal gases. Know how to make them, test them and use them safely.

Narration uses your device’s built-in voice. No sound? Switch to “Captions only” — the captions advance on their own.

Step 2 · Read

Key notes

Copy these into your notebook in your own words — that is how they stick.

Non-metal oxides

Acidic (CO₂, SO₂, NO₂).

Hydrogen

Zn + dil. acid; squeaky pop.

Oxygen

H₂O₂ + MnO₂; relights glowing splint.

Carbon dioxide

Marble chips + dil. HCl; limewater milky.

Ammonia

NH₄Cl + Ca(OH)₂; dry with CaO; damp red litmus → blue.

Chlorine

MnO₂ + conc. HCl; bleaches damp litmus.

Collection

Upward delivery (less dense), downward (denser), over water (insoluble).

Uses

Carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine, noble gases.

EXAM TIPS & COMMON MISTAKES

  • Learn each gas as: reactants, drying agent, collection method, test.
  • Choose the collection method from solubility and density.
  • Never dry ammonia with concentrated sulfuric acid or calcium chloride.
  • State chlorine/ammonia safety: fume cupboard.
Play & practise

Games

3 quick games on this lesson. Earn XP and badges as you play — your best score for each game is saved. Games are for practice and do not change your exam readiness. More games in the Chemistry Arcade.

Step 3 · Practise

Paper 1 practice — multiple choice

8 items modelled on real CSEC Paper 1 questions. Choose one answer for each, then check. Aim for 80% or better. Work each item on paper first.

Syllabus C 5.1

1. Which oxide is acidic?

Answer: A. Non-metal oxide.
Syllabus C 5.2

2. Which gas gives a squeaky pop with a lighted splint?

Answer: B. Hydrogen burns explosively.
Syllabus C 5.2

3. Oxygen is prepared by decomposing hydrogen peroxide using

Answer: C. MnO₂ is the catalyst.
Syllabus C 5.2

4. Carbon dioxide is collected by

Answer: D. It is denser than air.
Syllabus C 5.2

5. Ammonia gas is dried using

Answer: A. The others react with ammonia.
Syllabus C 5.2

6. The test for chlorine gas is that it

Answer: B. It is a bleaching agent.
Syllabus C 5.2

7. Damp red litmus turns blue in the presence of

Answer: C. Ammonia is alkaline.
Syllabus C 5.4

8. Which element is used to vulcanise rubber?

Answer: D. Cross-links.
Step 4 · Apply

Paper 2 practice — structured questions

Write full answers, then reveal the mark scheme and tick the points you earned (15 marks in total). Show all your working — method marks count. Your answers are saved on this device.

Paper 2 style · Non-metals

Question 1 [15 marks]

Carbon dioxide and ammonia are prepared in the laboratory.

(a) (a) State the reagents used to prepare carbon dioxide and write the equation. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (a) (max 3)

(b) (b) State the method of collection of carbon dioxide and give a reason. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (b) (max 2)

(c) (c) Describe the test for carbon dioxide. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (c) (max 2)

(d) (d) Describe how ammonia is prepared and dried. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (d) (max 3)

(e) (e) Describe the test for ammonia and for chlorine. [3]

MARK SCHEME — (e) (max 3)

(f) (f) State two uses of ammonia and two of sulfur. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (f) (max 2)

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Sources

Where this topic appears in CSEC papers

Find these in your own past-paper booklets for extra timed practice. Items above are written in the style of these papers; any adapted from a specific question say so.