CSEC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY · PROBLEM-SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING · LESSON C3

Flowcharts and Pseudocode

Flowchart symbols, drawing sequence, decision and loop flowcharts, and writing the same algorithms in pseudocode with IF, WHILE, FOR and REPEAT.

Sections 7 and 87.6≈ 55 min🎮 3 games
Before you start

By the end of this lesson you can…

Step 1 · Watch

Explainer video

5 narrated scenes. Press play, listen and read along — the points appear as they are explained. Use ‹ Prev / Next › or the scene bar to jump to any scene.

LESSON C3 · EXPLAINER

Flowcharts and Pseudocode

Flowcharts and pseudocode are two ways of writing an algorithm before coding. Both must be exact, and both appear in Paper 02 and in the SBA.

Narration uses your device’s built-in voice. No sound? Switch to “Captions only” — the captions advance on their own.

Explore in 3D

Run an algorithm in 3D

Step through an algorithm line by line and watch the variables change.

Step 2 · Read

Key notes

Copy these into your notebook in your own words — that is how they stick.

Terminator

START and STOP.

Input/Output

Parallelogram.

Process

Rectangle for calculations.

Decision

Diamond with Yes/No.

Pseudocode

Structured English with keywords.

IF…ENDIF

Selection.

WHILE / FOR / REPEAT

Repetition.

Counter

Must change inside a loop.

EXAM TIPS & COMMON MISTAKES

  • One START and at least one STOP in a flowchart.
  • Label both branches of every decision (Yes / No).
  • Indent inside IF and loops in pseudocode.
  • Use ← or = for assignment; use = for comparisons inside IF.
Play & practise

Games

3 quick games on this lesson. Earn XP and badges as you play — your best score for each game is saved. Games are for practice and do not change your exam readiness. More games in the Information Technology Arcade.

Step 3 · Practise

Paper 1 practice — multiple choice

8 items modelled on real CSEC Paper 1 questions. Choose one answer for each, then check. Aim for 80% or better. Work each item on paper first.

Syllabus 7.6

1. The flowchart symbol for a decision is a

Answer: B. Diamond.
Syllabus 7.6

2. The parallelogram represents

Answer: C. I/O.
Syllabus 7.6

3. A process (calculation) is shown in a

Answer: D. Rectangle.
Syllabus 7.6

4. Pseudocode is

Answer: A. Structured English.
Syllabus 7.6

5. Which keyword begins a selection in pseudocode?

Answer: B. IF.
Syllabus 7.6

6. A loop that never ends is usually caused by

Answer: C. The condition never becomes false.
Syllabus 7.6

7. Each decision symbol should have

Answer: D. Two labelled paths.
Syllabus 7.6

8. Two ways of presenting an algorithm are

Answer: A. Flowchart and pseudocode.
Step 4 · Apply

Paper 2 practice — structured questions

Write full answers, then reveal the mark scheme and tick the points you earned (10 marks in total). Show all your working — method marks count. Your answers are saved on this device.

Paper 2 style · Flowcharts and pseudocode

Question 1 [10 marks]

A program reads a student’s mark. If the mark is 50 or more it prints “Pass”, otherwise it prints “Fail”.

(a) (a) State the name of the flowchart symbol used for (i) a decision and (ii) input or output. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (a) (max 2)

(b) (b) Write pseudocode for the program. [5]

MARK SCHEME — (b) (max 5)

(c) (c) Describe how a flowchart shows the two possible outcomes. [2]

MARK SCHEME — (c) (max 2)

(d) (d) State one advantage of writing pseudocode before coding. [1]

MARK SCHEME — (d) (max 1)

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Sources

Where this topic appears in CSEC papers

Find these in your own past-paper booklets for extra timed practice. Items above are written in the style of these papers; any adapted from a specific question say so.